Diabetes introduction. Type 1 diabetes mellitus successfully managed with the paleolithic ketogenic diet

Modeling long-term diabetes and related complications in rats J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods.

Mar-Apr ; Epub Diabetes introduction Gyömrői út Electronic address: erika. DOI: The aims of this study were to establish a model of long-term diabetes with sustained medium scale hyperglycemia and characterize the pathological changes detectable after 4months, with particular respect to dependence on the degree of hyperglycemia.

Methods: Streptozotocin-induced diabetic CFY rats were subjected to four different insulin substitution protocols diabetes introduction achieve different levels of glycemic control Diabetic groups. Eyes were investigated by ophthalmoscopy, kidney function by urine analysis, and neuropathy by functional tests.

Full size table Experimental design A To investigate the effect of DDW on metabolic changes occur in diabetes, diabetic and control rats were divided into two main groups: half of the animals were given DDW 25 ppm D diabetes introduction, and the other half received normal tap diabetes introduction ppm Dboth provided ad libitum. To determine whether DDW exerts its effects, at least partially, by modifying the action of insulin, diabetic rats were further divided into subgroups according to insulin treatment. The control rats did not receive insulin treatment. We did not want to achieve euglycaemia by insulin treatment, but to prevent severe acute complications only. Therefore, two different doses of insulin Huminsulin Lilly Normal I.

Retinal and renal morphological evaluations were performed by histology, immuno-histochemistry and electron microscopy. Discussion: We established a treatment protocol in rats enabling complex investigation of diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy on a long-term period.

Clearly hyperglycemic dependent parameters of these complications serve as good outcome measures for preclinical trials. Our results provide a useful basis for designing studies for testing preventative treatments as well as other translational medical research in this field.

Keywords: Anterior segment neovascularization; Chronic model; Cold allodynia; Diabetic nephropathy; Diabetic neuropathy; Diabetic retinopathy; Drug development; Insulin implant; Preclinical model; Streptozotocin. Copyright © Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publication types.